Genu varum (bowlegs) and genu valgum (knock-knees) are common knee deformities in children that often resolve naturally as they grow. Genu Varum (Bowlegs): In this condition, the knees are apart while the feet and ankles are together, creating an outward curve. It’s typical in infants and toddlers (1-3 years old) and usually improves by age 3 or 4. If severe or persistent, orthotics or braces may be used to support proper alignment and guide bone growth. Genu Valgum (Knock-Knees): Here, the knees touch but the feet are apart. It is common in children aged 3-5 and typically corrects itself over time. If it persists, orthotics or braces may be used to improve alignment. Orthotics and Braces: Orthotics are shoe inserts that correct foot misalignment, potentially improving knee positioning. Braces or splints may be used in severe cases to guide proper bone growth. Braces: In more severe cases of genu varum or genu valgum, braces or splints might be used to help guide the bones to grow in the correct position. These devices are typically used when there's a concern about the condition not self-correcting over time. Braces may be worn during activities to promote proper alignment during movement.

AFO WITHOUT JOINT:  Ankle foot orthoses AFOs are external biomechanical devices utilized on lower limbs to stabilize the joints, improve the gait and physical functioning of the affected lower limb. AFO is used as supportive devices and aid for ambulation through different gait stages by providing foot clearance, used to limit or assist ankle and foot ROM like; dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, improve balance, decrease the risk of falling, help with weak musculature of lower legs, and to return to previous activity or facilitate patient mobility.  They are found in different types and different materials and can be modified according to the use and the development of the person if it is used for children. They made from thermoformed plastic material that enables to add modification and adjustments. AFOs are used as night splints to prevent contractures in some cases, patients with stroke, and other neurological conditions such as SCI and children with cerebral palsy.

KNOW YOUR ACTIVITY LEVEL : Level One(K1) The patient has the ability or potential to use a prosthesis for transfers or ambulation on level surfaces at fixed cadence. This is typical of a household ambulator or a person who only walks about in their own home. Level Two(K2) The patient has the ability or potential for ambulation with the ability to traverse lowlevel environmental barriers such as curbs, stairs or uneven surfaces. This is typical of the limited community ambulator. Level Three(K3) The patient has the ability or potential for ambulation with variable cadence. A person at level 3 is typically a community ambulator who also has the ability to traverse most environmental barriers and may have vocational, therapeutic or exercise activity that demands prosthetic use beyond simple locomotion. Level Four(K4) The patient has the ability or potential for prosthetic ambulation that exceeds basic ambulation skills, exhibiting high impact, stress or energy levels. This is typical of the prosthetic demands of the child, active adult or athlete.