Genu varum (bowlegs) and genu valgum (knock-knees) are common knee deformities in children that often resolve naturally as they grow. Genu Varum (Bowlegs): In this condition, the knees are apart while the feet and ankles are together, creating an outward curve. It’s typical in infants and toddlers (1-3 years old) and usually improves by age 3 or 4. If severe or persistent, orthotics or braces may be used to support proper alignment and guide bone growth. Genu Valgum (Knock-Knees): Here, the knees touch but the feet are apart. It is common in children aged 3-5 and typically corrects itself over time. If it persists, orthotics or braces may be used to improve alignment. Orthotics and Braces: Orthotics are shoe inserts that correct foot misalignment, potentially improving knee positioning. Braces or splints may be used in severe cases to guide proper bone growth. Braces: In more severe cases of genu varum or genu valgum, braces or splints might be used to help guide the bones to grow in the correct position. These devices are typically used when there's a concern about the condition not self-correcting over time. Braces may be worn during activities to promote proper alignment during movement.

KAFO with Offset Knee Joint drop lock type  A knee-ankle-foot orthosis (KAFO) consists of a plastic AFO or an AFO with metal uprights, a mechanical knee joint, and a plastic thigh cuff or 2 metal thigh bands. KAFO’s can be used in quadriceps paralysis or weakness to maintain knee stability and control flexible genu valgum or varum.  KAFO’s are also used to limit the weight bearing of the thigh, leg, and foot with quadrilateral or ischial containment brim. A KAFO is more difficult to don and doff than an AFO, so it is not recommended for patients who have moderate-to-severe cognitive dysfunction.  The most common causes of muscle weakness include: -Poliomyelitis -Muscular Dystrophy -Multiple Sclerosis -Spinal cord injury